I am back in Dhaka again for work. After I got home from the airport my father handed me a photocopy of the offending cartoon by Arifur Rahman. I liked its title, “Name,” which hints at the questions that the cartoonist is trying to raise rather than the offense that mullahs allege to be his aim. Since Saif gets to air his pet peeves from time to time, I will take the liberty of divulging one of mine. At least, Arifur Rahman, isn’t going by some strange hybrid name formed by a combination of the first name and the nickname, e.g. Shamsuddin Bablu, Sharmin Lucky etc. (so en vogue in the TV channels that it is refreshing to hear the first name-last name sequence). These trendy names are devoid of meaning and root. They are expressive and new only in the cheap neon polyester sense.
Getting back to our homegrown cartoon controversy, Arif probably had a run in with some mullah type who lectured him because he failed to identify himself as Mohammed Arifur Rahman. I certainly relate to his sense of frustration with such lecturing. Wouldn’t it be nice if the pious did not feel compelled to exhort? Is preaching the right path (however interpreted) a required part of being an observant Muslim? The learned participants of mushrooming Islamic TV programs here certainly think so. I’d be interested in thoughts on this from an Islamic perspective. So what’s the big deal about Arif’s cartoon? He effectively raises questions about the practice of placing the Prophet’s name as a prefix. This, rather than insulting the Prophet (PBUH), is key. The point he raises is important because the blanket application of this prefix rule could lead to such unwanted consequences as the Prophet (PBUH) sharing his name with any Muslim man, even someone of questionable character. Devout Muslims should consider this to be a valid issue. But of course the mullahs are going to read the cartoon as blasphemous, how dare he call a cat by the Prophet (PBUH)’s name! Lynch that boy! Perhaps it is unfair to expect nuanced reasoning from people who are ready to smite down all probing and thoughtful attitudes towards religion.
I think printing the cartoon was a slip rather than some grand gesture of the editors of Alpin/ Prothom Alo. Now, teel has become taal. Just last Friday, the day after I got in, a mob left Baitul Mukarram mosque militant style right after Friday prayers and marched towards the Prothom Alo office. Fifty people were injured in the ensuing clashes with the police. The mayhem could well continue this week. According to today’s Ittefaq the Sarbadaliyo Sangram Parishad (Hizbul Tahrir is an oft-mentioned component, the rest is amorphous) is planning processions and agitation in various parts of Dhaka today and tomorrow as well as mosque based agitation countrywide after Friday prayers. At this point it is a moot question as to why these people are resorting to violence during Ramadan. Arif will not be getting out any time soon. He is probably safer in prison than out.
The title of Arif’s cartoon got me thinking about names and naming, especially of animals. On the plane back to Dhaka this time I read Rory Stewarts’ The Places in Between, a flawless chronicle of the author’s journey across Afghanistan from Herat to Kabul during the icy winter of 2002. Stewart, a Scotsman and an ex-British diplomat, walked the entire way from village to village and lived by the kindness of wary strangers. The writing is unassuming, thoughtful, simple, and at times beautiful. At one point during the arduous journey a group of villagers gave Stewart the charge of a huge toothless warrior mastiff. Apparently the strength and valor of this particular breed of dogs from Ghor has been recorded since medieval times. He named this hardened creature: Babur, after the emperor whose journey he was retracing (and I thought, aren’t you getting a bit carried away?).
For the next few weeks Stewart literally drags the dog through feet upon feet of snow and sleet, protects him fiercely from all sorts of assault, shares with him discoveries great and small, and coaxes him out of his grizzly shell. The bond is beautiful more so because it is built slowly. It has the makings of a love story because you don’t realize it’s happening until it already has and hits you in the gut, with great force. By the end of the tale, perhaps transfigured by Stewart’s love, the dog seemed to me more than worthy of the grand name. As for Arif’s cartoon, my cat-loving friend told me that the Prophet (PBUH) actually adored cats and had a few around his household (I’m taking her word for it). So there you go, faced with the cartoon, maybe the Prophet (PBUH), a model of gentleness and humility by all recorded accounts, would just stroke the nearest feline and clarify the whole prefix question with a hadith.

31 comments
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October 3, 2007 at 3:57 pm
Ciara
Leela, I always enjoy your carefully reasoned, well thought out posts! You manage to elucidate the issue at hand (here, the significance of names and what they represent) clearly and logically, while injecting a much needed shot of wit to remind us that cartoons are least amongst our problems. You are a breath of fresh air.
October 10, 2007 at 8:26 am
AsifY
Leela,
I see Addafication has slowed down to a trickle and that you haven’t been writing all that much. I hope this is more because of being busy rather than anything else. I for one have enjoyed your posts, and this one is really a gem since it asks that all-important question: is “preaching” and impinging on the privacy of others a part of our religiosity?
Are we ready for a libertarian reading of Islam? Is that even halal?:)
October 18, 2007 at 1:58 am
bitterboy
Cartoonist Mr. Asif is 20 or early 20s. He might have done this non-sense deliberately, to get the publicity to the level of celebrity and/or with the intention opening up some avenues of migration to the free lands
like Denmark, UK, USA etc. I don’t think he was naive as his well-wishers try to portray him. He must have known what percentage of our citizens have profound faith and love in Islam and its prophet. This type event was not first time in 36 years of Bangladesh. We have seen more agitation with Doud Haider’s poem and Taslima Nasrin’s book Lojja. If Mr Arif had been smart [not over-smart!] shouldn’t have committed the same mistake.
I would request the well-wishers of Arif to remember the case-scenario of Mattorajji of Italian Soccer team and Zedan of French team of last world cup. Mattorajji didn’t hurt Zidan physically but what he did was far harsher assult than physical. That compelled Zidan to butt-head Mattorajji. But people later admitted that Mattorajji is the criminal/offender, not Mr. Zidan.
Hurting any single individual physically, financially, socially or psychologically is offence or crime. Freedom doesn’t provide licence to hurt any body in any forms. Here the cartoonist hurt the millions, not single or few individuals.
I’m also critique of most stupid naming system of our subcontinent. There are so many criticisms and stories we hear about oddities
about our naming. For, example, I found a name Abu Khuda meaning father of God/Allah. I believe, people didn’t keep the name fully knowing the meaning. By our tradition we go by Mohammed, Abu, Ali, Ahmed and so on. But the way, Mr Arif did it was not a smart way. It looks too naive or over-smart.
October 18, 2007 at 2:34 pm
addafication
Bitterboy - you say he “might have done this non-sense deliberately”. How is this anything but speculation. Have you gone and asked him? Has he personally come out of detention and told you something? If not, you are basically justifying detaining the man for a month because of some idle speculation of yours. Here’s an analogy that I think you’ll understand. Suppose Saif thinks Bitterboy is mad. Saif has no proof, but Saif bases this on the fact that Bitterboy has a “tt” in the middle of his name, and he once knew this man named Sattar who was also stark mad. Plus Saif bases this on some speculation that Bitterboy is mad because who names himself Bitterboy anyway but a mad man? We can, under your reasoning, only come to one conclusion: “Therefore Bitterboy must be sent to Pabna mental clinic”. What’s wrong with this picture?
And it’s a ridiculous suggestion that he planned this elaborate charade. I don’t think anyone plans on a situation where they are going to receive death threats that might - in the way that some people in our country think - actually be fulfilled.
Speaking to your “psychological” offence or crime argument and how Asif qualifies, I think you must look at my piece on the day of the arrest called “Sheen-Ha-Dal”. It lays the matter out in a very simple fashion. What Asif did cannot qualify as an offence because he did not do anything.
But let’s say I grant you the argument for the sake of the argument that Asif hurt you and others in Dhaka emotionally or psychologically with his cartoon. Isn’t it a little odd to convict Asif for what goes on in YOUR mind rather than what HE actually did. We all do and say things that somewhere along the line hurts someone emotionally. And to be sure, we’ve written stuff here (and you’ve written things in your comments around the blogosphere) that hurts someone at sometime. Heaven help us if we and you would have to be punished contingent on whether someone’s feelings were rightfully or wrongfully hurt.
I want to go back to the statement you make about the profoundness of our love for Islam and the Prophet (pbuh). Bhai - a basic element of Islamic adab (or etiquette) that the Prophet taught was “husn- addhann”, i.e., giving people that one interacts with the benefit of good intentions and the benefit of the doubt unless faced with proof to the contrary. The sad thing is that adab is a scarce resource these days. The profoundness of our love for the Prophet needs more substance and less sloganeering
- Saif
October 18, 2007 at 3:37 pm
AsifY
bitteryboy is simply repeating what a commenter named Hasib has said on Zafa’s blog. I replied to him there and I’d direct you to check it out.
Note the game being played here: the comparison is automatically with Taslima Nasrin and THAT should have been an indication for Arif, and therefore, he did it deliberately.
Now we his supporters can argue that a similar joke was published in a Jamaat-backed newspaper WITHOUT PROTEST, and THAT gave the signal to Arif that it was ok to publish such jokes, but who’s listening?
Saif, did you mean “Arif” when you said “Asif”?:)
October 18, 2007 at 5:26 pm
AsifY
And before I forget, it’s been a month since Arifur Rahman was arrested. He has spent most of Ramadan and Eid away from his family. He has NOT been taken to any foreign country.
Aagey evidence, tarpor kotha. Not the other way round!
http://dhakashohor.blogspot.com/2007/10/cartoon-saga-one-month-later-some-more.html
October 18, 2007 at 5:55 pm
addafication
Thanks, AsifY bhai. I meant Arif…
October 18, 2007 at 6:45 pm
bitterboy
Dear addafication,
Please see the word ‘might’ in your quote from my post. So what I said was my best guess. The individual who gets presitigious award for his work can’t be taken as so stupid to fail to think about possible reparcation. That’s why assumption is that his cartoon work was his deliverate mischief. He is a cartoonist and I’m very sure he knows what happened about cartoon publication about Mohammad [sm] in Netherland. Given all these info, when he did that, per my best guess he has some intention.
Many put logic why he should take all the troubles of arrest, death threats and so on if had known it would hurt the muslims and there would be vigorous reacton to his cartoon. But he was ready to risk something like arrest or threat for a better and bigger mula, like that of Daud Haider, Taslima etc to be celebrity of international stature.
Thanks
October 19, 2007 at 1:09 am
fugstar
Saif, nice of you to invoke adab.
I’m thinking about the need for an Akhlaq-e-bangladeshi, the absence of such a project in desh and what the akhlaq of the press (oxymoronic?) could aspire to be.
and floating an Akhlaq and Development Party. Part tabligh, part suffraggette, part ateam and part Royal Society.
what do you think?
October 19, 2007 at 5:56 am
AsifY
I want to be either Murdoch or BA in the a-team!
October 20, 2007 at 12:51 pm
Leela
Maybe Arif is sitting in jail thinking, gee now I’m going to have an awesome asylum application. Sounds too desperate a ploy for a prize winning journalist working for the country’s most popular newspaper. In retrospect I do think he could have raised the same question more respectfully and made his motives clear. A cartoon probably would not be the right medium for that.
Sorry fugstar but suffragette is an outdated idea and we refuse to be hemmed into that old petticoat. Time to give the A team a makeover!
October 20, 2007 at 9:23 pm
Hussain
” In retrospect I do think he could have raised the same question more respectfully and made his motives clear. A cartoon probably would not be the right medium for that.”
- Leela
My sentiments exactly…
October 20, 2007 at 9:30 pm
addafication
He’s a cartoonist. That’s what cartoonists do! Draw cartoons. Not write columns or make speeches. Why is a cartoon any less “respectful” a medium than a column, speech or blog? - Saif
October 21, 2007 at 1:31 am
fugstar
AsifY,
Im not sure if you are butch enough or howlingly mad enough but if it floats your boat, i thing an amphibious vehicle could be arranged.
I want to aquire the virtues of each of the four, im not into the museum culture of freezing movements at their peak and defrosting them in the microwave.
The sincerity, strictness, adventurism and manners of tabligh, the learnedness of the royal society, the light years ahead of the gamedness of the sufragettes and the can-do, am-doing, on the spot engineering solution building character of the A team.
Anyway, its just a collection of dispositions that I respect. You can give BA baracus a makeover and petticoat if you wish. I will be far far away.
Sword of Discourse, saif ul adda
A speech in front of an audience or a single person is the least misunderstandable medium, the closer and more specific the better.
A column, since journalism has about 100 odd years of history amongst us, is the next.
Then cartoons.
then blogs (newest).
and theres the question of symbolic power of an anislamic publishing outfit uttering anything on religion.
October 21, 2007 at 11:21 am
Leela
I was thinking that the anti-Arif mullahs should bring out a procession charging him with plagiarism. After all they published it first! Their hypocrisy aside, nothing wrong with cartoons as a medium obviously, cartoons have their place in the journalist’s arsenal.
But, cartoons, which are basically superbly pithy opinion shots, should not leave obvious doubts as to what the cartoonist’s motives are. I think, even while sticking to his medium and expertise, Arif could have done it differently to serve his message better. Don’t ask me how, I am not witty enough to draw cartoons. I think Arif tried to raise an important issue but he didn’t do it in a smart way. After all, who has gained from this cartoon controversy? Certainly not Arif, and no one is paying attention to the prefix question either (I am still assuming that was his aim, others are claiming he wanted everything from attention to asylum etc.). The cartoon just became an opportunity for a certain section of mullahs to show how very much their opinion matters (rather than Arif’s) as Arif rots in jail. Saif will say it’s not Arif’s fault, it’s the mullah’s fault for misinterpreting his noble intentions. I am going to say noble intentions are great but you have to know your audience and you have to be smart about packaging and spreading your message. There are constraints everywhere.
October 21, 2007 at 11:40 am
Leela
Hmm, I realize that didn’t address Saif’s point completely. I don’t have the patience to defend the argument that certain mediums are suited to certain types of arguments. I have seen cartoons that convey highly complex and charged messages with stunning clarity. There’s a whole genre of political cartoons that aim to raise controversy. So it wouldn’t be fair to exclude the medium from expressing even sensitive and complex arguments. Let me put it this way: cartoon+Prophet (PBUH)+cat+bangladesh=rot in jail. It’s not the medium’s fault, the messenger could have done it better, the message receiver should have taken it better.
October 21, 2007 at 7:07 pm
AsifY
Certainly not butch or funky enough to be BA. Definitely nowhere near in terms of bling.
However, howlingly mad can be arranged….
October 21, 2007 at 9:48 pm
addafication
Saif ul Adda - I love it!
As for the “know your audience” argument - I think it would have been impossible for any one to predict that this particular cartoon, phrased as it was, would create the kind of noise that it did before it was published. The problem with the cartoon is that NOONE can show how exactly it insults the Prophet - ’cause it simply does not. One has to twist oneself into pretzels to make a real argument that it somehow does or can even be interpreted as being insulting without doing violence to reason, even if the mind doing the interpretation was unusually emotion or psychologically prone to taking insult . (I am sure Bitterboy and his like could make a valiant effort.) All claims of foreseeability are negated by the ridiculousness of the way things have proceeded. There simply is no way that Arif could have predicted that what he said would be interpreted in the particular way it did because the particular interpretation has absolutely no relation to what he said.
- Saif ul Adda
October 21, 2007 at 9:51 pm
addafication
Saif ul Adda, very soon, will be abbreviated as Saif U Adda.
NTV: “Blogger Saif “OO” Adda ajke New York-e boshe bloggor bloggor korecchen.”
I am tempted to write a Pet Peeve piece about the news channels abbreviating Moeen Uddin Ahmed as Moeen “OO” Ahmed. There’s absolutely no rhythm there…
October 21, 2007 at 10:22 pm
AsifY
And then further abbreviated on the blogosphere as “SUA”….:)
October 22, 2007 at 9:49 am
fugstar
howling madness cannot be manufactured, it has to be natural. dont any of the other roles appeal? If all else fails, you could always be the Faceman.
SUA is relatively ok, General Moin YOU ahmed, is sheer idiocy and lamoness, proves to me every time i hear it that the words ‘of the deen’ are too painful for mediaton deshis to pronounce. I wonder if the habit can be reversed.
Dr F gets his deen, why not General M, who is a product of our very young martial tradition and not a proxy for neoliberal economic invasion.
Leela,
the previous vegetal cartoon was not created by the late khatib or by HT, and JIB werent the ones demonstrating. Ignoring the fine structure does set up the ‘munafiq’, accusation nicely. But i dont think they are the munafiqs in the scenario, in fact they are the one’s who exposed them.
Saiful Adda,
I dont need to prove matiur rahman and co’s stance on religion either in its ritual practice or higher thought.. do i? Or am i condemned (by liberal commonsense or by an inappropriate one thousand excuses habitus) to be blind to their habitual denigration, coded and explicit, of religion and religious people and their role as secularist foot soldiers…
Arif bhai i think made two mistakes (rather decisions which i would not have made), working for the PA, and drawing an unfunny cartoon.
I dont know enough about the bro to judge his entire back catalogue but
this is what counts as satire where i grew up.
http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=de6V90jT4SQ
October 22, 2007 at 11:54 am
addafication
Fugstar bhai - I would doubt that a young cartoonist from a middle class family in Dhaka has a slate of employment opportunities to choose from. I cannot call Arif’s “choosing” to work at PA a mistake, whatever one thinks of that newspaper’s stance on religion.
The distinction you make between JIB and HT/late Khatib is an important one. The distinction does exist, and it’s not an unimportant detail. But do note that the JIB’s been completely silent, when defusing the situation and protecting Arif was within their power.
- Saif Ul Adda
October 22, 2007 at 4:47 pm
Leela
“I think it would have been impossible for any one to predict that this particular cartoon, phrased as it was, would create the kind of noise that it did before it was published.”
-SUA
I disagree. SOMEONE out there could have predicted it. These mullahs are a trigger happy bunch. The New Age editorial writers are a pretty good bet given their response to the cartoon. Even I wrote “of course the mullahs are going to treat the cartoon as blasphemous” suggesting a degree of predictability. It wasn’t a big surprise to me. I take no pleasure in that.
“bloggor-bloggor” is even better than “Chacha Chowdhury.”
Fugstar: Perhaps you’re right. You mean to say HT, which took part in the protests, and JIB/Shibir, which ostensibly did not, are air tight entities that have no membership in common. I find JIB/Shibir- free intolerant protests in the name of Islam hard to imagine in Bd context.
Has anyone considered the implications of the CA not getting his “deen?” It just doesn’t sound right.
October 22, 2007 at 5:56 pm
Saif
I have to say that I can’t take credit for “bloggor-bloggor”. This highly original formulation - which I hope will take off in the Bangla blogosphere, and which is pure genius - was created by Rajkoomaree in this Drishtipat post.
http://www.drishtipat.org/blog/2007/10/05/no-more-bloggorbloggor/
I apologize to Rajkoomaree and to readers for not citing properly.
October 22, 2007 at 6:02 pm
fugstar
Oh Pointy Sworded one,
Good point on the general lack of opportunities front. you have pirced my gut. But it still doesn’t rest well on my skull and my empathy is incomplete. My limited experience and exposure of media companys in desh gives me the presumptive attitude of .. what did His Mendacity call it again … ‘ideological resemblance’.
I have experience a close one being locked up for years over blasphemy issue in a nuttier setting and the present nationalist blasphemy issue in an allegedly more civilised setting as well. Hope he comes out soon with his iman stronger.
theres a three fold distinction, in terms of establishedness and religious authority; Late khateeb of the central mosque in the land (student of Shayk Ahmad Madani of composite nationalism fame), JIB (established political religious grouping) and HT (small, strange emergence of the islamic left capitalising on the media glare).
How have sangram and naya diganta interpreted it?
October 22, 2007 at 6:20 pm
fugstar
leela
HT and Shibbir are like oil and water. HT BD tend to come from spoilt brat and angry type backgrounds, shibbir-jib are more diverse, are made from something else, less shallow and they sing more.
Im not a fan of street protest culture in bangladesh, and appeal to more fine arts students to join protest groups, beautify them and give them a mass makover.
Obviously id prefer a far superior publication than the PA to be how Islamic forces expressed themselves. To defeat materialism, colonised thinking and secularist adventurism with light and in the ways that it understands is the neatest solution in my book.
Fakr You Ahmed
i hear you.
October 22, 2007 at 6:39 pm
Saif
Fakr You Ahmed. Hahahah. Classic. Good one, Fugstar.
I don’t know about the Shibir-JIB being less shallow, Fugstar. Certainly, I have come across young Shibir-types who are extremely articulate and intelligent. But one cannot generalize from the outliers.
October 22, 2007 at 10:39 pm
fugstar
i only stated it out loud, i think someone else set that one up.
with ht, its more of a surface transformation i find. theres not too much work on development/adab/akhlaq going on really, maybe thats because its newer though.
With ht its focally the systems (political, economic) of disbelief that need revolutionary change. The books are all about systems and the propagation is more through rhetoric hence the pr heaviness. With the movements, and i bundle together the Muslim Brotherhood and the Congregation of Islam, its more dispositional, appeals less to lazy elitespawn looking for a cause and a quick thrill pill.
In BD opting in carries a real unfashionability and heavy baggage of hate. thats why it think they are less shallow.
October 23, 2007 at 7:14 pm
Leela
Thanks Fugstar. Yes, I saw the embedded potential of the CA’s name but couldn’t bring myself to spell it out, comic as it is.
October 24, 2007 at 8:10 am
fugstar
i wish i hadnt now.
October 31, 2007 at 6:28 pm
Rashed
I think one aspect of Arif’s cartoon that hasn’t received sufficient attention is just how silly the practice of naming all Muslim men Muhammad is. Leaving the mullah’s exhortations aside for a moment, it’s all too common in Bangladesh that a man will be named Muhammad, and yet never use the name in circumstances other than official, because it doesn’t help distinguish him from his friends or neighbours, who may also be called Muhammad, or even his own brothers, who may share the same name. I know a Bangladeshi family where all the brothers are called Muhammad — but of course they aren’t in reality, because they go by their middle names.
So it’s no surprise that some Kuwaitis jokingly (and, granted, in a racist manner) refer to all Bangladeshi men as “Muhammad”. In most of the Muslim world (geographically, not numerically speaking), Muhammad is just one name out of many. That is not at all to say that the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is just one person out of many. His name is obviously respected because of its personal connection with the Prophet. But what I mean is that, if someone’s name is Muhammad (or its variations, such as Mehmet or Magomed), the person is actually called Muhammad by everyone around them. So babies don’t get named Muhammad in droves like in Bangladesh, because, when you shout out “Muhammad,” you want only the person you’re addressing to turn around.
So what’s the use of being called something like Muhammad Salahuddin (just as an example) if everyone is going to call you Poltu anyway? Why not give our kids names that people will actually use (including Muhammad — provided we use it)?